| 孙禄堂 Sun Lu-t'ang |
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Sun Lu-t'ang standing in Xingyiquan's San Ti Shi stance. |
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| Born | Sun Fuquan (孫福全) 1860 Hebei, China |
| Died | 1933 |
| Style | Baguazhang Xingyiquan T'ai chi ch'uan (Taijiquan) |
| Notable students | Sun Xingyi (孫星一) |
| Part of the series on Chinese martial arts |
| List of Chinese martial arts |
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Sun Lu-t'ang (simplified Chinese: 孙禄堂; traditional Chinese: 孫祿堂; pinyin: Sūn Lùtáng) (1860-1933) was a renowned master of Chinese Neijia (internal) martial arts and was the progenitor of the syncretic art of Sun-style tai chi chuan (孫家).[1] He was also considered an accomplished Neo-Confucian and Taoist scholar (especially in the I Ching), and was a distinguished contributor to the theory of internal martial arts through his many published works.[2]
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He was born in Hebei and was named Sun Fuquan (孫福全) by his parents. Years later, his Baguazhang teacher Cheng Tinghua (程延華) gave him the name Sun Lutang. (It was common in old China for people to have multiple names). He continued to use his original name in some areas, including the publishing of his books.
He was also well-versed in two other internal martial arts styles: Xingyiquan (Hsing-i ch'uan) and Baguazhang (Pa Kua Chang) before he came to study T'ai chi ch'uan (Taijiquan). His expertise in these two martial arts were so high that many regarded him as without equal. Sun learned Wu/Hao style t'ai chi ch'uan from Hao Wei-chen.[1] Sun started studying with Hao relatively late in his life, but his accomplishments in the other two internal arts led him to develop his t'ai chi abilities to a high standard more quickly than is usual.
He subsequently was invited by Yang Shao-hou, Yang Ch'eng-fu and Wu Chien-ch'üan to join them on the faculty of the Beijing Physical Education Research Institute where they taught t'ai chi to the public after 1914.[2] Sun taught there until 1928, a seminal period in the development of modern Yang, Wu and Sun-style t'ai chi ch'uan.[2]
In 1891 he married Zhang Zhouxian, with whom he had three sons and a daughter.
In later life, he published five martial arts texts:
He also wrote a study of Xingyi spear, though this was never published.
(These five texts are available in a collected Chinese language edition from Lion Books, and English translations of individual texts can also be acquired)
This lineage tree is not comprehensive.
| Zhang Sanfeng* c. 12th century NEIJIA |
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| Wang Zongyue* T'AI CHI CH'UAN |
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Note: These are legendary or semi-legendary figures in the lineage, which means their involvement in the lineage, while accepted by most of the major schools, isn't independently verifiable from known historical records.
| Chen Wangting 1580–1660 9th generation Chen CHEN STYLE |
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| Chen Changxing 1771–1853 14th generation Chen Chen Old Frame |
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Chen Youben c. 1800s 14th generation Chen Chen New Frame |
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| Yang Lu-ch'an 1799–1872 YANG STYLE |
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Chen Qingping 1795–1868 Chen Small Frame, Zhaobao Frame |
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| Yang Pan-hou 1837–1892 Yang Small Frame |
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Yang Chien-hou 1839–1917 |
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Wu Yu-hsiang 1812–1880 WU/HAO STYLE |
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| Wu Ch'uan-yu 1834–1902 |
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Yang Shao-hou 1862–1930 Yang Small Frame |
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Yang Chengfu 1883–1936 Yang Big Frame |
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Li I-yü 1832–1892 |
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| Wu Chien-ch'uan 1870–1942 WU STYLE 108 Form |
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Yang Shou-chung 1910–1985 |
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Hao Wei-chen 1849–1920 |
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| Wu Kung-i 1900–1970 |
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Sun Lu-t'ang 1861–1932 SUN STYLE |
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| Wu Ta-k'uei 1923–1972 |
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Sun Xingyi 1891–1929 |
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